稳定气流对不同类型消声器气动-声学性能影响的实验研究

Experimental Study on Aerodynamic and Acoustic Performances of Mufflers at Different Airflow Speeds

在自行设计建造的消声器气动—声学性能测试实验台上,分别对抗性消声器、微穿孔管消声器和阻性消声器的气动和声学性能进行实验研究。研究结果表明:气流是影响消声器气动—声学性能的重要因素。抗性消声器、微穿孔管消声器和阻性消声器的压降损失随流速的增加而增加;穿透损失随着气流速度的增加而降低,在3000Hz以上的中高频带,穿透损失随气流流速的增加而衰减的幅度最为显著。然而,稳定气流对不同类型消声器的影响是不同的,微穿孔管消声器的气动和声学性能受气流流速变化的影响相对较小,具有良好的气动—声学性能。

The aerodynamic and acoustic experiments of reactive muffler, perforated-pipe muffler and dissipative muffler at with and without airflow conditions were carried out on the simulating test rig. The experimental results show that the airflow has serious effect on aerodynamic and acoustic performances of these mufflers ： the pressure drop increased with increasing air flow rates ; the transmission loss （ TL ） decreased with increasing air flow rates, especially when the frequency is higher than 3000Hz. But the influence of airflow is quite different to these three kinds of mufflers and it is quite small to the aerodynamic and acoustic performances of micro-perforated pipe muffler, then the micro-perforated pipe muffler has quite good performances with increasing air flow rates.