我国4名优秀400m栏运动员跨栏技术的比较研究

Analyzes Comparatively on Hurdle skill of Four Excellent 400-metre Hurdle Athletes in China

400m栏是人体极限运动项目之一,全程的速度分配、各栏间速度的发挥和利用程度,以及各栏间及全程的节奏在训练和比赛中显得十分重要。应用运动生物力学分析方法,在比赛条件下拍摄优秀运动员跨栏技术特征进行分析认为:我国优秀运动员孟岩全程技术动作还不是很稳定,主要表现在栏上时间不稳,栏间用时相差较大,后期步频下降较大;栏上动作起跨角过大,起跨距离小,造成身体重心过高,起伏波动大,影响了速度的发挥。同时摆动腿小腿伸展不够,动作不够舒展。建议调整栏间步节奏,同时延长起跨距离。

400 - metre hurdle race is one of the physical limit sports. In the process of training and competition,the whole course speed distribution,the degree of the fulfillment of the speed between the hurdles and the theme of the speed between hurdles and the whole course are all very important. According to athletic biomechanic anal）ring methods, by analyzing the excellent athletes＇ hurdle technical features photographed in the competition, a conclusion is drawn that the whole - course technical skills of China＇ s excellent athletes are not very stable,represented in the unstableness of hurdle time, the great time difference between hurdles, the crucial drop down of the late step frequency. The overbig striding angle on the hurdle and the short distance of the hurdle both result in the over height of the center of gratuity and the great fluctuation, therefore affect the fulfillment of the speed. Meanwhile, the stretch of the dangling leg is not adequate and the movement is not stretching enough. This paper suggests adjusting the theme of the inter - hurdle step and meanwhile lengthening the hurdle distance.