杂交改良对云南地方黄牛屠宰性能的影响研究

Studies on the Effects of Breed Cross on the Slaughter Traits of Local Yellow Cattle in Yunnan

本试验研究了全放牧饲养条件下云南地方黄牛和西门塔尔与云南地方黄牛杂交F1代的屠宰性能。试验屠宰6头地方黄牛和8头杂交牛。结果显示,杂交F1代与地方黄牛相比,体高、体斜长、十字部高、尻长、坐骨端宽、胸宽、管围、后腿围和腹围显著提高(P<0.05);宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重、骨重和生殖器周围脂肪重显著增加(P<0.01);胴体长(P<0.01)、胴体后腿围(P<0.01)、胴体后腿宽(P<0.01)和胴体深(P<0.05)显著提高,但胴体后腿长显著降低(P<0.01)。本试验结果表明,利用国外优良肉牛品种西门塔尔与云南地方黄牛杂交有效地改善了杂交牛的生产性能和产肉性能。

To investigate the slaughter traits, six local yellow cattle in Yunnan （L） and eight Simmental × local cattle （SL） were slaughtered. Compared with L cattle , body height, body length , length of rump, hip croop height, hucklebone width ,chest width, shank girth and crura girth of SL cattle were significantly improved （P〈0. 05）. Live weight, carcass weight, net meat weight, bone weight and the weight of fat on genitalia of SL cattle were significantly higher than those of L cattle（P〈0.01）. In addition, carcass length, crura girth of carcass, depth of carcass of SL cattle were significantly enhanced comparison with those of L cattle（P〈0. 01）. However, crura length of carcass was significantly reduced. These results showed that crossbreeding could improve production and slaughter traits of L cattle in Yunan.