英汉语表示“将来”意义的语法化——基于语料库的语法化对比研究

A Data-based Study on Grammaticalization of Future Meaning in English and Chinese

西方学者对表示"将来"意义的成分进行了跨语言的研究,得出语法化的假设:所有语言中的将来时间是由少数几个词或短语发展而来,这些词或短语通过了相似的发展路线:语义为"想,要"或"能力"的情态动词成为将来时间标记。基于语料库数据统计的研究,文章探讨了英汉语中表示"将来"意义的语法化进程和语境因素,并对其语法化程度和语用机制进行了探讨。

Cross-linguistic study of derivation of ＂futures＂ meanings identifies a universal prototype, namely, future from voli- tion and future from ability. With data-based study, this article is aimed at the study of the process of evolution, contextual factors, the degree of grammaticalization of ＂futures＂ meanings in English and Chinese in order to test the universal prototype and explore the similarity of developmental pattern of a certain category grammar in two unrelated languages. In addition, prag- matic mechanisms triggering the evolution are involved.