真菌二型态环境因子及信号转导途径研究进展

Research Progress of Environmental Factors and Signal Transduction Pathways of Dimorphism in Fungi

真菌二型态是指某些真菌在环境因子的影响下而具有在酵母型和菌丝型两种形态间发生互变的能力。二型态致病真菌因其形态转换的过程常与致病性有密切关系而引起了人们的广泛关注。真菌二型态转换过程与其培养环境中的物理、化学和营养等环境因子有关,内部则主要与cAMP-PKA、MAPK和Rim101等信号转导途径有关。现对影响真菌二型态的外界环境影响因子和内部信号转导途径等方面的研究进展进行综述。

Dimorphism is the capacity displayed by different fungi to grow in the form of yeast or mycelium, depending on the environmental conditions. It has long been believed that phase transition between yeast and mycelium is obligatory for pathogenicity in some dimorphic fungi, so dimorphism of fungi attracts a great deal of attention in recent years. Dimorphic transition is regulated by a variety of extracellular factors including physical factors, chemical factors and nutritional factors, and it is also regulated by intracellular signal transduction pathways such as cAMP-PKA, MAPK and Rim101. This review focuses on recent research progress on environmental factors and signal transduction pathways that affect dimorphism in fungi.