新生儿谷胱苷肽S转移酶μ1基因缺失状况的研究

Study on deletion of GST μl gene in newborns

谷胱苷肽S转移酶μ1（glutathioneStransferasesμ1，CSTμ1）对解毒香烟烟雾中的苯并（a）芘等致癌物有重要作用。现已证实正常人中约有50％缺失这种基因，这暗示将增加了肺癌发病的危险性。为了达到早期预防与预测，给新生儿以优育指导。本文采用双重PCR技术对106例新生儿脐血DNA进抒GSTμ1基因检测，并以健康人为对比，研究其缺失率为44．7％，同时新生儿与健康成人不同年龄组、新生儿男、女性别与成人男、女性别缺失率比较，经统计学卡方检验均无显著差异。提示GSTμ1基因缺失是新生儿自身遗传性不良因素，他（她）们如生活在香烟烟雾环境中，发生肿瘤危险性比无GSTμ1缺失的新生儿可能性大。并且通过本研究建立一种快速、准确的基因检测方法，有利于广泛群体筛查，应用临床及科学地指导优育有一定重要意义。

Glutathione S-transferase μ1 (GST μ1) plays an important role in detoxifying the carcinogens,such as benzo(a)pyrene in the tobacco smog. lt has been demonstrated that genetic deficiency of this isozyme occurs in approximately half of the population and may relate to an enhanced risk of lung cancer. In order to early prevent of cancers and good nurtore in newborns, we analyzed the deletion rate of the GST μ1 gene from 106 newborns by duplex polymerase chain reaction,and compared it with the rate from 210 healthy adults.The deletion rates were 47. 17% and 44. 76% in the newborn group and the healthy adults.respectively. The deletion rates in the newborns were compared with that of different age groups and sex proups in healthy adults. No significant differences were found by the x2 tests. This results suggested the deletion of the GST μ1 gene was a untoward genetic factor. The newborns with the genelic deficiency have a higher risk of cancers if they live in the environnlent of the tobacco smog.So they should be forbidden smoking and passive snioking for all lifetime.