垄作玉米免耕播种机破茬装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment on Power Driven Rootstalk Cutting Mechanism of Ridge-till and No-till Corn Planter

针对东北一年一熟垄作区玉米根茬地免耕播种时存在根茬不易破除且易挂茬等问题,设计了一种驱动破茬装置,该装置在3个平面内安装破茬刀具,其中心与开沟器前后对齐。为确定破茬装置的合理结构,设计了3种轴套,同时设计了3种刀具组合方式。在土槽上进行了三因素三水平的正交试验,通过分析各因素对功率消耗和根茬切断率2个指标的影响,得出较好的参考组合:机具前进速度为0.75km/h,刀轴旋转速度为150r/min,刀具组合方式为ZH2。对轴套进行选择的试验表明,当产生相同切土节距S=2cm时,轴套2的功率消耗较低,根茬切断率达到92%。

A power driven cutting mechanism of ridge-till and no-till corn planter was designed to treat rootstalk during no-till plant corn in the areas of one crop a year. Three rows blades are fitted on the axis for one ridge in this mechanism. Three kinds of spindle-harnesses and three kinds of bladeinstallations were designed in order to find out a most reasonable form. The soil bin experimentation showed that the mechanism has a good ability to cut corn rootstalks, when the running speed is 0.75 km/h, the rotor speed is 150 r/min and the blade-installation is ZH2. The experimentation for choosing spindle-harnesses showed that the second spindle harness which has better cutting ability and lower power consumption is the best choice.