昆虫中海藻糖代谢的研究进展

Research Progress of Trehalose Metabolism in Insects

海藻糖是由2个葡萄糖分子组成的非还原性双糖,存在于大量生物如细菌、真菌、植物和昆虫等中。作为昆虫血液中的主要成分,海藻糖是由脂肪体中的海藻糖合成酶和海藻糖磷酸化酶合成的。海藻糖必须被海藻糖分解酶分解成葡萄糖才能用于糖酵解,以提供昆虫能量的需求。脂肪体的海藻糖合成是受激素调控的,而血液中海藻糖的主要来源是脂肪体中的糖原。昆虫的海藻糖分解酶已经得到了很好的研究,但是它的活性控制机制还不清楚。

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide comprising of two glucose molecules, It was found in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants and insects, As the main component in insect haemolymph, trehalose was synthesized by trehalsoe-6-phosphate synthase and trehalose phosphatase. To utilize trehalose, it must be hydrolyzed by trehalase for glycolysis. The trehalose synthesis in fat body was under the control of hormone and the main component of trehalose in haemolymph was glycogen, The trehalase in insects was well studied, but the mechanism by which its activity was controlled was still not clear.