蜡梅天然群体的表型多样性研究

Study on Phenotypic Diversity of Natural Population Chimonanthus Praecox (L.) Link

[目的]报道蜡梅野生群体的叶子与种子的表型多样性。[方法]以蜡梅的5个天然群体为试材,对7个表型性状进行表型多样性分析。[结果]蜡梅表型性状在群体间和群体内均存在极其丰富的变异,7个性状在群体内的F值为6.612～102.148,果长、种宽在群体间达到显著差异,种长达到极显著差异;平均表型分化系数29.57,群体内变异70.43%,大于群体间变异29.57%,说明群体内变异是蜡梅的主要变异来源。叶长、叶宽、千粒重与纬度,种宽与年均气温呈显著负相关,其他性状和地理生态因子的相关性均不显著。利用Dist平均分类距离系数进行的UPGMA聚类分析显示群体间的遗传距离与群体的地理距离关系一致。[结论]蜡梅的表型变异极其丰富;蜡梅的分布与表型性状呈多样性变异。

[Objective] The propose of the study was to report the phenotypic diversity of leaves and seeds in wild population of Chimonanthus praecox （L.） Link. [Method] With 5 natural populations of C. praecox as the tested materials, the 7 morphological traits were made for the analysis of phenotypic diversity. [Result] There was extremely rich variation on phenotypic traits among populations and among individuals within populations of C. praecox. The F value of 7 traits within populat/ons was from 6.612 to 102.148. Among populations, the length of fruit and width of seed were significantly different, and the length of seeds was extremely significantly different The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient （29.57） showed that the variation within populations （70.43%） was higher than that among populations （29.57%）. which indicated that the variance within population was the main part of the phenotypic variation. The length and width of leaf. 1 000-seed weight were negatively related to the latitude, width of seeds and annual mean temperature, and the relations of other traits and the geopraphy ecological factor all were not significant. UPGMA cluster analysis based on average taxonomic distance （Dist） indicated the genetic distances among populations were closely consistent to the corresponding geographic distances among populations. [Conclusion] The phenotypic variation of C. praecoxc was extremely rich. The distribution and phenotypic traits of C. praecox showed the diversity variation.