中国农业发展研究Ⅰ——成就与代价

Study on the Achievements and Price of Chinese Agricultural Development

新中国成立以来,我国农业经历了传统农业发展阶段（1949～1957年）、农业缓慢发展阶段（1958～1977年）、农业快速发展阶段（1978年至今）3大发展阶段,每一阶段均取得了粮食增产、农民增收、农村经济社会不断发展的巨大成就。但也必须看到,在农业发展取得成就的同时,我国各地农业资源、生态、环境也付出了“代价”,尤其是实行改革开放30年来,农业（包括工业等相关产业）所付出的“生态代价”是沉重的。为了今后我国农业实现持续、快速、健康、协调发展,必须走出一条农业发展与环境保护“双赢”的道路,即“可持续农业”之路、“生态农业”之路、“循环农业”之路。

Since the founding of new China, China＇ s agriculture has undergone three stages including traditional agricultural development stage （1949 - 1957）, slow agricultural development stage （1958 - 1977） and rapid agricultural development stage （from 1978 till now）. Greater achievements including grain yield increase, peasant income increase and the continuous development of rural economy and society have been achieved in each stage. At the same time, the agricultural resources, ecology and environment in various places of China have paid price. In particular, the ecological price of agriculture （inclucling industry and the related industries） has paid heavy price since the reform and opening-up in 1978. In order to realize the sustainable, rapid, healthy, and coordinated development of agriculture in China in future, a ＂win-win＂ road of the agricultural development and environmental protection must embarked, in cfuding the road of ＂Sustainable Agriculture＂ , ＂Ecological Agriculture＂, and ＂Circular Agriculture＂.