民族地区乡镇政府债务问题研究——以贵州道真仡佬族、苗族自治县为例

Studies on Problems of Small Town Governmental Debt in Nationality Regions——Taking Daozhen,Autonomous County of Gelao and Miao Minorities in Guihzou Province As Example

所谓地方政府债务,是指地方政府作为债务人要按照协议和合同的约定或者依照法律的规定向债权人承担资金的偿还义务。政府举债是当今世界各国普遍采取的一种平衡政府收支的重要措施。适度举债搞建设对地方政府来讲,不仅可以拉动消费需求和民间投资,还有利于拓宽筹资渠道,加快社会公共设施建设,提高公共服务水平,推进城市化进程。但超越自身财力过度地举借政府性债务,不仅不利于地方经济的可持续发展,而且对地方财政的正常运转和社会稳定带来危害。当前,我国民族地区乡镇政府债务额过大,欠债额占地方财政收入的比例高。偿债难度大、空间小,且成因复杂。解决民族地区乡镇政府债务需要我们坚持科学的发展观,综合采取发展经济、壮大财政实力,精简机构、分流财政供养人员,改革财政管理体制,健全预算管理体系等措施。使乡镇政府债务有益于地方经济社会的发展,为构建社会主义和谐社会提供保障。

Governmental debt is an obiligafion that local government, as a debtor, pay debt to its creditors according to the contracts, agreements or rules of the law. Government borrowing is a popular and main measure for government to maintain balance of the revenue and expenditures in the world nowdays. Reasonable government borrowing for construction will not only draw up consumer demands, increase private investments, but also can broaden channels of fundraising, which will greatly build up the public facilities construction, promote the quility of public services, and also accelerate the urbanization process.. However, over-borrowing exceeding government finance will go against the sustainable development of local economy, affect running of the local finance, and thus do harm to social stabilization. Prensently, small town governments in nationality regions are heavily in debt resulted from complex causes, which now possesses a higher proportion in its local revenue and is quite difficult to pay back. In this paper, the author indicates that to resolve debt problems of sinai] town governments, we must persist in scientific outlook on development, taking various measures, such as develop local economy, streamline government organs, assign financial support staff, reform financial management system, strengthen budget system, etc., and thus accelerate the development of the local community and build a Socialist harmonious society.