西夏语谓词人称后缀补议

Complementary Notes On the Predicative Personal Suffixes Of the Tangut Language

西夏语句子的主要动词后面有时可以附加一个表示人称的后缀,其中单数第一、第二人称后缀的语音形式与相应的人称代词相同。文章根据最新公布的西夏文献指出,这种后缀既可以加在动词后面,也可以加在充当谓语的形容词后面,所以应该改称"谓词人称后缀"。西夏谓词的复数第一和第二人称后缀形式ni^2来自代词和名词后缀"等"nji^2。西夏语没有谓词第三人称后缀,则是因为在西夏语乃至整个羌语支的早期都没有真正的第三人称代词。

It has been already known that the main verb of a Tangut sentence may have a personal suffix attached to it, and the first and second person singular suffixes are phonetically related to the personal pronouns. According to the Tangut literature published recently, this paper points out that these suffixes may be attached to both the verbs and predicative adjectives, thus they should rather be called ＂predicative personal suffixes＂. The predicative suffixes of the first and second person plural in the Tangut language, ni^2 , come from the plural suffix nji^2 of nouns and pronouns. There are no predicative suffixes for the third person, because there are no real third person pronouns in Tangut and the old Qiangic branch languages.