川西北地区农村已婚妇女生育节育现状试点调查

The Fertility Rates and Contraception Prevalence of Married Women in Northwest Sichuan Rural Areas:A Pilot Study

目的:了解川西北农村已婚妇女的生育与节育现状。方法:选择四川省绵阳市的1个汉族县(区)—游仙区和1个少数民族县—北川羌族自治县,深入农村入户调查已婚妇女(共420名)的生育与节育状况。结果:≤35岁、36～49岁、50～63岁和≥64岁4个年龄段妇女的生育率(人均已生育次数)分别为(游仙/北川)0.93/1.29、1.36/1.93、2.72/2.75、5.22/5.60,绝育术(输卵管结扎与输精管结扎)的现用率分别为0/0、10.8%/9.1%、59.8%/61.1%、36.3%/52.0%,宫内节育器(IUD)的现用率分别为62.7%/55.9%、73.0%/76.4%、56.1%/36.1%、25.5%/16.0%。结论:游仙与北川农村已婚育龄妇女的总和生育率与综合避孕率大致接近全国2000～2002年调查结果,但绝育术目前已很少开展;结合调查非育龄(≥50岁)妇女的情况可提供更多有关生育节育状况动态变化的信息。

Objective： To investigate the fertility and contraceptive prevalence rates of married women in northwest Sichuan rural areas. Methods： 420 married women were sampled from the countryside households in a Hart nationality county （district） - Youxian District and a minority county - Beichuan Qiang Nationality Autonomous County in Sichuan province, and their fertility rates and contraceptive prevalence were investigated. Results ： The total fertility rates （ number of children delivered per woman） were 0.93/1.29 （ Youxian/Beichuan）, 1.36/1.93, 2.72/2.75 and 5.22/5.60 in the 4 age groups - ≤35 years, 36 -49 years, 50- 63 years and ≥64 years, respectively, while the prevalence rates of sterilizations - tubal sterilization and vasectomy （ total number of sterilized people divided by the total number of women） were 0/0, 10. 8%/9.1%, 59.8%/61.1% and 36.3%/52.0%, respectively, and that of intrauterine devices （IUDs） were 62.7%/55.9%, 73.0%/76.4%, 56.1%/36.1% and 25.5%/16.0%, respectively. Conclu- sion： The total fertility rates and contraceptive prevalence rates of manied women of reproductive age （ ≤49 years） in rural areas in Youxian and Beichuan approximate to the results of large - scale national studies in 2000 and 2002, but the operations of sterilization are seldom performed at present; inclusion of women of nonreproductive age （ ≥50 years） in the investigation would provide more information on the dynamic changes of fertility rates and contraceptive prevalence.