我国天然气汽车的发展现状与方向

Natural-gas vehicles in China: developments and trends

截至2007年底,我国16个重点推广城市的CNG汽车保有量已达26.5万辆,建成加气站555座。我国天然气汽车的发展拥有资源供应有保障、技术条件成熟、市场潜力大、效益好等优势,但同时也面临市场竞争日趋激烈,加气站站址选择越来越困难,安全管理要求高,汽车尾气排放标准有待提高,相关的标准规范有待完善以及需要保持一定比例的油气价差等挑战。我国天然气汽车的发展路线:1)在未来一段时间内,我国天然气汽车发展仍然以CNG汽车为主,在沿海进口LNG地区可以适当发展LNG汽车;2)汽车发动机正逐步由改装车、双燃料车向单燃料车、原产车过渡;3)应用领域以出租车、公交车为主。

As of late 2007, there were some 265,000 CNG vehicles operating in 16 designated major Chinese cities, with 555 natural-gas filling stations. Development of natural-gas vehicles in China looks promising for many reasons: a guaranteed supply of resources, a sophisticated technological background, vast market potential and high profitability. Meanwhile, however, a number of challenges will need to be addressed: ever-fiercer competition, the increasing difficulty of siting filling stations, stringent safety-management requirements, insufficient progress in vehicle emissions, imperfect standards and regulations, and the need to maintain a given price ratio for petroleum and natural gas. This article proposes a course for the future of natural-gas vehicles in China: 1) For the immediate future, development efforts should continue to focus on CNG vehicles, with some work on LNG vehicles in coastal LNG-importing areas. 2) Engines should make a gradual transition from refitted and bi-fuel vehicles to single-fuel and factory-built models. 3) Main applications should be in the taxicab and public-transporti ndustries.