重庆市乙型肝炎疫苗预防接种效果分析

Analysis on Immunization Effect of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Chongqing

目的了解重庆市10余年来乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗（Hepatitis B Vaccine，HepB）预防接种的效果。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，抽取3251名1～59岁人群进行血清流行病学调查，用固相放射免疫法检测乙肝病毒血清学标志物。结果①重庆市1～59岁城市和农村人群HepB接种率分别为24．09％和13．68％；②接种HepB人群乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）和乙肝病毒核心抗体标化阳性率分别为4．75％和37．8％，未接种者分别为11．21％和44．73％；③已接种HepB城市人群HBsAg、乙肝病毒表面抗体阳性率分别为3．00％和48．83％，农村人群分别为6．55％和26．18％。结论重庆市HepB预防接种效果良好，应重点加强农村人群HepB的预防接种。

Objective To understand and measure the effect of 10-years HepB immunization activities. Methods Stratified clustered-random sampling in different stage were adapted in this study. Total 3251 residents aged from 1 to 59 years old were surveyed by questionnaire and took blood to test. HBsAg,antibody of HBs, antibody of HBc were detected by SPRIA method. Results The coverage of HepB in urburn area and rural area were 24.09% and 13.68% respectively among 1 - 59 years old. Among the administered HepB vaccine people, the adjusted rate of HBsAg, anti- HBc were 4. 75% and 37.81%. For the un-immunized people, the adjusted rate were 11.21% and 44. 73% respectively. Among the immunized people, The rate of HBsAg and anti-HBs in urban area were 3.00% and 48.83% respectively, and the rate were 6.55% and 26.18% in rural area respectively. Conclusion The results show that the effect of immunization activities was prominent. It is important to improve the coverage of HepB in the rural areas.