鄂尔多斯市人群麻疹和风疹血清流行病学调查结果分析

Analysis on Serological Epidemiology of Measles and Rubella in Erdos City

目的分析鄂尔多斯市人群麻疹、风疹抗体分布，了解血清流行病学规律，从而为预防和控制麻疹、风疹的流行提供依据。方法按分阶段整群抽样后，随机抽取东胜等4个区（旗）为调查地区，对672名5～20岁人群用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹和风疹IgG、IgM抗体，对人群麻疹与风疹IgG抗体做了交叉性分析。对结果用EPI Info软件进行统计分析。结果麻疹IgG抗体总阳性率为91．8％，流动人口聚集的东胜区最低（78．1％）；最高为17420岁组，最低为13～16岁组。风疹抗体总阳性率为23．2％，随年龄增长而增高，农区明显低于牧区。结论人口密度较高地区及流动人口聚集区麻疹、风疹流行的可能性更大。加强麻疹监测，及时报告首发病例并进行血清学诊断分类，加强流动人群儿童的预防接种，提高免疫覆盖率，尽快普及风疹疫苗的免疫，是控制爆发或流行的关键措施。

Objective To know the status on the distribution of measles and rubella IgG ＆ IgM antibody in Erdos City. Methods 672 children aged 5--20 years old from 4 counties were selected random to be determined the measles and rubella IgG and IgM antibody by ELISA method. Results The results showed that the measles IgG antibody＇s positive rate was 91.8%. 78. 1 positive rate was in Dongsheng where the migrant population gathering. 13-year old group was lowest. The rubella IgG antibody＇ positive rate was 23.2%, which was increasing with the age growing. The across analysis was conducted. Conclusion The measles and rubella were more likely epidemic in the areas of high density and with more migrant population. The surveillance for measles and rubella should be strengthened. The first case must be reported, diagnosed and classified in time. Increasing the coverage rate for migrant children and the strengthening the supplementary immunization and popularizing rubella vaccination for all children were important measures to control prevalence of measles and rubella.