温度条件对杂交中晚稻结实率的影响

Influence of Temperature Conditions on Setting Percentage of Middle-late Hybrid Rice

以四个杂交中晚稻品种(e优21、田两优38、虔两优17和虔两优39)为供试材料,通过两年(2006年和2007年)的分期播种试验对结实率和气温间的关系进行统计分析。结果表明,杂交中晚稻结实率与幼穗分化期和抽穗扬花期的温度条件密切相关,且与最低气温、平均气温和最高气温都呈显著的正相关关系,其中最低气温对结实率的影响效果最显著,其次是平均气温和最高气温;低温是造成杂交中晚稻结实率低的主要原因,温度对杂交中晚稻结实率影响的敏感期为始穗前20d到始穗后10d,抽穗扬花后(灌浆乳熟期)的温度条件对杂交中晚稻结实率的影响则相对较小。温度条件对e优21结实率影响的关键期是幼穗分化前期和抽穗扬花期,而对虔两优17、虔两优39和田两优38影响的关键期均是始穗前20d内。

The date test was conducted in 2006 and 2007with four hybrid rice varieties, namely e-You 21, Tianliangyou 38, Qianliangyou 17 and Qianliangyou 39, to analyze the relationships between the setting percentage of the middle-late hybrid rice and temperature condition. The results showed that the setting percentage of the hybrid rice was closely related with the temperature conditions during the young panicle differentiation and heading-flowering period. The minimum temperature was one of the most significant factors affected the setting percentage of the hybrid rice. The sensitive period of the influence of the temperature on the setting percentage of the hybrid rice was from 20 days before and ten days after the heading period. However, the influence of the temperature on the setting percentage of the hybrid rice after the heading-flowering period was relative small. The critical period of the influence of the temperature conditions on the setting percentage for the hybrid rice variety e-You 21 was in the early young panicle differentiation and heading-flowering period, while it was within 20 days before the heading period for the hybrid rice variety Tianliangyou 38, Qianliangyou 17 and Qianliangyou 39.