授粉期气象因子对水稻细胞质雄性不育系种子裂颖特性的影响

Influence of Meteorological Factors During Pollination Stage on Characters of Glume-gaping Grains of Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines in Rice

以4个具有不同裂颖特性的不育系和相应保持系为材料,分3期进行播种试验,研究授粉期气象因子对不育系种子裂颖的影响。结果表明:在自然条件下,同一品种不育系不同播期种子裂颖率差异显著,说明气象因子对裂颖有很大的影响,裂颖率与授粉期总降水量、相对湿度呈极显著正相关关系,与日照时数呈极显著负相关关系;裂颖特性相近的不育系对温度的反应是一致的,裂颖率高的不育系裂颖率与温度负相关,裂颖率低的不育系裂颖率与温度正相关,裂颖率高的不育系对气象因子的敏感性高于裂颖率低的不育系;不同品种不育系的裂颖率对不同气象因子的敏感程度也有差异。研究结果对根据气象条件加强田间管理、提高杂交稻制种质量有益。

Selected four cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） lines and their maintainers （b-lines） with distinct characters of glume-gaping grains （CGG） as experimental materials under three seeding dates, the relationship between the meteorological factors during pollination stage and the CGG of CMS lines were studied. The results showed that the percentage of glume-gaping grain （PGG） of the same CMS lines was significantly different under the different seeding dates in the natural conditions. The meteorological factors had impact on CGG. The precipitation and relative humidity during polination stage were significantly positively correlated with PGG, while sunshine hours during pollination stage were negatively correlated with PGG. The CMS lines with similar CGG had same response to the temperature. The PGG of the CMS lines with heavy CGG was negatively correlated with the temperature, while the PGG of the CMS lines with light CGG was positively correlated with the temperature. The CMS lines with heavy CGG were more sensitive to meteorological factors than the CMS lines with light CGG. The different CMS lines had different sensitiveness to meteorological factors. The results provided the references for enhancing quality of the hybrid rice seed production through strengthening the field management.