侦察卫星地面机动目标覆盖特性分析与仿真

Analysis and Simulation of ground Maneuver Target Coverage of Reconnaissance Satellite

针对当前军用目标机动过程中易被卫星侦察的问题,对处于不同位置的机动目标进行侦察卫星覆盖特性分析,仿真其覆盖侦察过程。利用卫星工具软件包STK(Satellite Tool Kit)中先进的航天器系统分析软件,建立多摄动条件下侦察卫星星座运动学模型,调用STK的覆盖分析和虚拟现实模块,对卫星地面机动目标的覆盖算法和可视化技术进行研究。覆盖分析仿真结果表明:地面目标在机动过程中,侦察卫星对其实时位置的覆盖数据与目前采用的区域覆盖数据有一定差异,利用仿真结果能够有效减小覆盖预警数据的误差,且仿真结果与实际观测数据拟合良好。所提的方法处理地面机动目标侦察卫星覆盖情况准确度高,侦察卫星作战仿真过程逼真,具有很好的军事应用价值。

In view of the problem that the military target will be easily reconnoitered by satellite during its transfer process, it is essential to analyse the coverage character and simulate the reconnoitering coverage process. The paper established a reconnaissance satellite constellation model under the condition of multi - perturbation by using the satellite software tools STK （ Satellite Tool Kit） and researched the the ground target ＇s coverage algorithms and visualization technology. The coverage analysis discovered that the target point coverage characteristics and the surface to the target coverage characteristics （AWACS data） have some differences during the target transfer process and can reduce the AWACS data error effectively, and the simulation results fit well with the observed data. The research method presented here has high accuracy, the simulation process of reconnaissance satellite combat is realistic, and also useful for military application.