摘要
采用盆栽试验探讨土壤施硒对苦荞硒、总黄酮和芦丁含量、分布与累积的影响。结果看出,在土壤施硒0.5-2.0 mg/kg范围,苦荞根在苗期(40 d)大量吸收并累积硒,全生育期各器官硒含量极显著提高;在生长中后期(60-80 d)硒的累积最快,累积量最多。硒在苦荞各器官中的分布为:在40 d时,根〉叶〉茎;60 d时Se 0处理为叶〉根〉花〉茎,施硒各处理则为花〉根〉叶〉茎;80 d时Se 0处理以花〉根〉叶〉茎〉子粒,Se 0.5处理以花〉叶〉子粒〉茎〉根;施硒≥1.0 mg/kg的处理则为花〉叶〉茎〉根〉子粒。土壤施硒≤1.0 mg/kg促进苦荞生长,提高地上部各器官干重和植株总干重以及各器官总黄酮和芦丁含量与累积量,不改变总黄酮和芦丁的器官分布,增加苦荞中后期对总黄酮的累积;以Se 0.5处理效应最佳,各差异达显著水平。过量的硒(Se1.5-2.0 mg/kg)显著抑制苦荞生长,降低各器官干重、总黄酮和芦丁含量与累积,不利于硒在子粒中富集和总黄酮在子粒中的分布。表明在低硒土壤上栽培苦荞,土壤施硒以不超过1.0 mg/kg为宜,既能最大限度地提高苦荞各器官硒、总黄酮和芦丁含量和累积量,又可降低施用硒肥的成本和减少硒肥对环境的影响。
Besides its high nutritional value, buckwheat is also rich in many kinds of flavonoids such as rutin and quercetin in its leaves, stems, flowers and seeds, which can serve as very useful resources for high-quality flavonoids. Flavonoids are known for their effectiveness in antioxdant activity and reducing cholesterol levels in blood, keeping capillaries and arteries strong and flexible, and preventing against high blood pressure. It was also used to treat many other chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. Selenium is one of the indispensable nutrient elements to humans and poultry, but 2/3 of the world lacks it and so does China, 1/3 of which is considered to be critically deficient in selenium. Over 40 kinds of humans and poultry diseases are related to deficiency of Se, this seriously threats the health of humans and the development of animal husbandry. Plant is the key link through which the inorganic Se is converted into organic Se and it is also the most direct Se resource for human beings and poultry. Se application to soil or plant directly can increase Se content in plant, which is the most effective method to improve the deficient Se status of humans. A pot experiment was used to explore the effect of selenium in the form of sodium selenite with five levels (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg, soil) on distribution and accumulation of selenium, flavonoids and rutin in different organs of tartarybuckwheat( Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn). The results showed when application of Se was in the range of 0.5-2.0 mg per kg soil, tartary buckwheat absorbed and accumulated a large amount of Se by root at seedling stage, and the Se content in all organs of tatary buckwheat were decreased in order of root 〉 leave 〉 stem in the 40 days of tartary buckwheat growth, leave 〉 root 〉 flower 〉 stem in Se 0 treatment and flower 〉 root 〉 leave 〉 stem in all Se treatments in the 60 days of tartary buckwheat growth, while it was the highest in flower, followed by root, leave, stem and seed at Se 0 treatment, flower 〉 leave 〉 root 〉 seed 〉 stem at Se 0.5 treatment and flower 〉 leave 〉 root 〉 seed 〉 stem with Se application ≥ 1.0mg per kg soil in the 80 days of tartary buckwheat growth. Treated with Se≤ 1.0mg per kg soil, the growth, dry matter weight, the content and accumulation of flavonoids and rutin in all organs were enhanced, and the accumulation of flavonoids at the middle and last growing stage was improved and the distribution of flavonoids in different tartary buckwheat organs was not affected. Application of Se at 0.5mg/kg was the best treatment. The accumulation of flavonoids in tartary buckwheat was highest and fastest in the blooming and breeding period (60 d) in all treatments. Excessive Se treatment (1.5-2.0 mg/kg) significantly decreased the growth, dry matter weight, and content and accumulation of flavonoids and rutin in all organs of tartary buckwheat, and restricted the transformation of Se from other organs to seed and the distribution of flavonoids in seed. In summary, for tartary buckwheat planted in low Se soil, Se application less than 1.0mg per kg soil can promote plant growth, increase content and accumulation of Se, flavonoids and rutin in all organs of tartary buckwheat and be friendly to the environment.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第4期721-727,共7页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
重庆市科学委员会自然科学基金项目(CSTC,2007BB1457)资助
关键词
硒
苦荞
总黄酮
芦丁
selenium
tartary buckwheat
flavonoids
rutin