无耗能控水袋释水规律及其特性研究

Water-releasing regulations and characteristics of energy-free water-controlled bag

该文采用温室盆栽法,研究了无耗能控水袋释水规律。控水袋技术是采用无耗能水泵原理向植物提供水分,通过控水头释放水量。研究表明,控水袋的释水量主要取决于控水头规格与土壤接触面积的大小、植物需水状况以及土壤含水量。处理50 d后,刺槐、侧柏和国槐的土壤含水量分别维持在9.1%-12.2%、9.3%-12.1%和6.8%-11.6%,不浇水的对照土壤含水量仅为0.6%-0.9%,已处于严重的干旱状态;处理50 d后,刺槐、侧柏和国槐的释水总量分别为3345、2849、2122 g,分别为正常浇水量的28.3%、23.3%和17.5%。说明在干旱条件下使用控水袋可明显改善土壤水分状况,减轻水分胁迫,且使用控水袋后能达到很好的节水目的。

The water-releasing regulations of water-controlled bag were studied by pot method in greenhouse. The water-controlled bag can persistently provide water to plants by the principle of energy-free pump and release water by a water-controlled head. The results show that the water-releasing quantity of water-controlled bag was mainly decided by the contact areas between pump and soil, the water requirement of the seedlings and soil water content. After 50 days, the soil water contents of Robinia pseudoacacia, Platycladus orientalis and Sophora japonica were maintained at 9.1% - 12.2 %, 9.3 % - 12.1% and 6.8 % - 11.6 %, respectively, while the seedlings without water had been dead with soil water content of 0.6%-0.9 %. Total water-releasing quantity of the three seedlings were 3 345 g （ Robinia pseudoacacia ）, 2 849 g （ Platycladus orientalis ） and 2 122 g （Sophorajaponica） and they were only 28.3%, 23.3% and 17.5% of water-releasing quantity in normal water supply. The results indicate that the use of the water-controlled bag can remarkably improve the soil water status, reduce the drought resistance and achieve the aim of water save.