SDS-PVP水溶液中超细镍粉的制备

Preparation of Ultrafine Nickel Powders in SDS-PVP Aqueous Solution

在十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)混合水溶液中,采用水合肼还原氯化镍制备超细镍粉.SEM结果表明,该超细镍粉为球形,表面呈现针状叠合的特殊形貌.XRD结果表明,该超细镍粉由平均粒径约为10nm的面心立方结构(fcc)的原生纳米镍晶粒组成,且主要沿(111)晶面生长.TEM清晰观察到原生纳米镍晶粒在PVP的空间桥联作用下自组装成超细镍粉的中间过程.SDS-PVP的组成对超细镍粉的粒径和表面形貌有显著影响,在一定浓度范围内,随着SDS或PVP浓度增大,原生纳米镍晶粒和超细镍粉的平均粒径均呈减小趋势,表明通过改变SDS-PVP组成可以调控超细镍粉的粒径和形貌.

Ultrafine nickel powders were prepared from nickel chloride reduced by hydrazine in aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate （SDS）-polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）. SEM results showed that the reduced products were sphere with special needle-like morphology. XRD displayed that the spherical ultrafine nickel powders were self-assembled into by the primary pure crystalline nanonickel of face centric structural （fcc） with the mean crystal size about 10 nm, and grown preferentially along （111） lattice plane. The process that the primary pure crystalline nanonickel selfassembled into the ultrafine nickel powders in virtue of the coupling of PVP chain was clearly observed by TEM. The composition of SDS-PVP mixing system had great influence on the size and shape of ultrafine nickel powders. At a certain concentration, the sizes of the primary pure crystalline nanonickel and the secondary ultrafine nickel powders showed that a decreased trend with increasing the concentration of SDS or PVP revealed a promising possibility of a size and morphology controllable production of the ultrafine nickel particles by adjusting the composition of SDS and PVP.