微波辐射对水稻生长发育的影响

Effects of microwave radiation on growth of rice

对3个水稻纯系种子进行6个不同微波辐射时间处理，观察微波辐射对水稻生长发育状况的影响和生物效应。结果表明，水稻种子的发芽率随辐射处理时间的增加而明显降低，而分蘖数则有所增加；微波辐射处理使供试材料的播始历期比对照减少2～7d。大部分的微波辐射处理均不利于协调桂R225、明恢63的产量构成因素，降低了两个品种的单株产量；单次微波辐射70s以及每次微波辐射50s、重复3次共150s的处理有利于协调特B每穗总粒数、结实率和千粒重的发展，因而提高了其单株产量。因此，不同微波辐射处理对不同水稻纯系的生长发育的生物效应是不同的，试验结果可为水稻辐射诱变育种提供依据。

The seeds of three rice pure lines were treated with six different microwave radiation durations to study the effects of microwave radiation on the growth of first generation. The results showed that the germination rate of seeds was decreased with the increase of microwave radiation time, while the tillering was increased. The duration from seeding to heading of three rice pure line as treated with different microwave radiations decreased 2- 7 days as compared to the control. Most of microwave radiation treatments were not beneficial to regulate the yield components of two rice pure lines R225 and Minghui 63, resulting in decrease in the yield per plant. As treated with 70 seconds one time or 50 seconds every time for three replications, the total grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of pure line Te B could be balanced, and the yield per plant was increased. Therefore, different microwave radiation treatments had different bio-effects on the growth of different rice pure lines, and the results could provide basis to the radiation mutation breeding of rice.