致病菌分离及其耐药性和敏感性试验

Isolation of pathogenic bacterium and the experiment on the drug resistance and sensibility

本试验对兰州大学第一医院从2006年1月到2007年12月期间临床患者所送检的全部咽拭子、痰和血液进行细菌分离培养。并用常用抗菌素进行了耐药率和敏感率试验．结果显示：从咽拭子中分离出了49种171株以流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌和大肠埃希氏菌为主的细菌；从痰中分离出了123种2406株以大肠埃希氏菌、流感嗜血杆菌和鲍曼不动杆菌为主的细菌；从血液中分离出了56种211株以大肠埃希氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌为主的细菌．咽拭子、痰和血液中分离出的细菌都以杆菌为主，球菌和真菌次之，其中．杆菌、球菌和真菌分别占检出细菌总数的55．1％～68．6％。8．6％～26．4％和17．5％～22．8％．耐药率最高的药物为红霉素、青霉素和复方新诺明；敏感率最高的药物是万古霉素和亚胺培南．

The pathogenic bacteria from the blood,sputum and pharyngeal swab of patients were isolated and cultured from January 2006 to December 2007. The frequently-used antibiotics were selected in the experiment of the drug resistance and sensibility in this study. 49,123 and 56 kinds of bacteria and 171,2, 406 and 211 strains of bacteria were isolated from the pharyngeal swab, sputum and blood respectively. Hemophilies in fluenzae , Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Eschia coli were most in the pharyngeal swab,and Eschia coli, Hemophilies influenzae and baurnanii were most in the sputum,and Eschia coil,Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were most in the blood. The bacillus was the most ,and the coccobacteria and eumycete were less than bacillus in the isolated bacteria. Bacillus,coccobacteria and eumycete covered 55.1%-68. 6 % ,8. 6 %-26.4 % and 17. 5 %-22. 8 % in the total number of bacillus respectively. The drugs with best resistance were the erythromycin, penicillin and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole,and the drugs with the highest sensitivity were the vancomycin and imipenem.