水利工程生态供给足迹与生态需求足迹计算

Calculation of Ecological Supply Footprint and Ecological Demand Footprint in Hydraulic Engineering

应用生态足迹法计算了2002年中国水利工程生态供给足迹和生态需求足迹,结果表明:防洪和发电是水利工程的主要功能,调蓄洪水生态供给足迹和水力发电生态供给足迹分别为9.63×107hm2和4.47×107hm2;而水库泥沙淤积和水库淹没则是水利工程的主要负面影响,水库泥沙淤积生态需求足迹和水库淹没生态需求足迹分别为2.06×107hm2和9.65×105hm2.水利工程5项生态供给足迹总计1.47×108hm2,水利工程3项生态需求足迹总计2.16×107hm2,生态供给足迹是生态需求足迹的6.81倍.

Based on the theory and method of ecological footprint （EF）, ecological supply footprint （ESF） and ecological demand footprint （EDF） in hydraulic engineering of China in 2002 are calculated. The results show that flood control and hydropower were main functions of hydraulic engineering, and their ESF are 9. 63×10^7 hm^2and 4. 47×10^7 hm^2. The reservoir sedimentation and reservoir inundation by hydraulic engineering are main negative effects, and their EDF are 2. 06 ×10^7 hm^2 and 9.65×10^5hm^2. The five ESFin total is 1.47×10^8hm^2. The sum of three EDF is 2.16×10^7hm^2. The ESP in total is 6.81 times that of EDF.