耐重迎茬大豆品种(系)筛选试验研究

Screening of Soybean Cultivars(Lines) Tolerant to Continuous Cropping

于１９９４～１９９６年按全省五个自然生态区，收集８０份大豆品种（系）进行耐重迎茬大豆品种（系）筛选鉴定。并对其各地重要危害大豆的病害进行调查，最后测定产量。试验结果表明：在不同生态区有不同的大豆主要病害类型，东片大豆根腐病严重，西片大豆孢囊线虫病严重，南片根腐＋孢囊线虫病重，北片根腐病轻、菌核病重，中片孢囊线虫、根腐病、根潜蝇年度间有变化，在不同生态区共筛选出１７份品种（系）可做为当地耐重迎茬种植的品种。在各生态区均不能连作二年以上，否则遇到不利的气候条件会导致更大的减产。在筛选试验中没有发现对根腐病免疫的材料，对孢囊线虫的危害，仍然是重茬中所引起大豆减产的重要病害。

Eighty soybean cultivars (Lines) from 5 natural ecological regions in Heilongjiang Province were screened for tolerance to continuous cropping from 1994 to 1996, and the major diseases of soybean in the regions were surveyed. The results showed that the type of soybean major disease varied between the regions. Root rot was the important disease in the east rtgion. cyst nematode in the west, root rot and cyst nematode in the south, sclerotinia rot and root rot in the north, and cyst nematode, root rot and root miner in the middle. Seventeen tolerant cultivars (Lines) were screened out in 5 ecological regions. Continuous cropping of soybean can not be more than 2 years, or the yield will be seriously decreased in unfavourable climate conditions. There were not any cultivars (Lines) immune to root rot in the entries. Cyst nematode is still the major disease to make the yield decreased in continuous cropping.