东海区带鱼和小黄鱼渔业生物学的研究(英文)

The fishery biology of Trichiurus japonicus and Larimichthys polyactis in the East China Sea region

本研究以东海区历年渔业资源监测调查数据为依据,对带鱼和小黄鱼的群体结构、生物学参数、摄食习性和繁殖习性等渔业生物学动态进行了分析。结果表明,目前东海区带鱼和小黄鱼种群的个体小型化现象相当突出,渐近长度L∞随着时间的推移呈现下降趋势,而生长参数K以及总死亡系数Z和捕捞死亡系数F却呈现逐渐增大趋势。摄食习性和繁殖习性亦发生了较大的变化,带鱼表现出极强的自食性,小黄鱼主要摄食种类与过去大不相同;性成熟提前,同年龄、同一体长组的带鱼和小黄鱼个体平均绝对繁殖力提高。产生这些变化的最主要原因是捕捞的影响和鱼类自身适应自然的结果。

Based on the data obtained from the fishery resource monitoring investigation in the East China Sea during the past years, the population structure, fish biological parameters, feeding and reproduction of Trichiurus japonicus and Larirnichthys polyactis were analyzed. The results showed that miniaturization and prematurity were quite obvious, and biological parameters changed greatly in these two species. Asymptotic length L∞ became smaller with the lapse of time; however, growth parameters K, total mortality coefficient Z and fishing mortality coefficient F became gradually larger. In addition, there were some great changes in food habit and reproduction, cannibalism was strong in Trichiurus japonicus, while fishes are the main food of Larimichthys polyactis. The maturation was advanced, and the average absolute reproduction of Trichiurus japonicus and Larimichthys polyactis improved. All these changes were resulted by the effect of the catches and their adaptation to the nature.