新型抗高温耐盐起泡剂AGS合成与性能研究

Synthesis and properties of novel alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate with thermal stability and brine tolerance

采用环氧氯丙烷在TTA路易斯酸催化作用下分别与正辛醇、正癸醇和正十二醇发生开环反应,然后在碱性条件下闭环,最后与亚硫酸氢钠在高温条件下发生磺化反应的三步法,合成出一系列烷基甘油基醚磺酸钠(AGS)表面活性剂AGS-12,AGS-10和AGS-8,并利用红外光谱对其结构进行分析,测定其Krafft点,评价AGS作为起泡剂的抗高温性能以及盐和油类物质对其泡沫性能的影响。结果表明,AGS表面活性剂可耐250℃高温,无论是在5%NaC l或5 g/L Ca2+的盐水溶液中,还是在15%柴油或原油的高含油溶液中都具有良好的泡沫性能。

A series of sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate（AGS） surfactants, namely AGS-12, AGS-10 and AGS-8, were synthesized by three-step reactions. The detailed procedure includes the initial reactions of epichlorokydrin with octanol, decanol and dodecanol in the presence of acid catalyst, the sequent epoxidation in the presence of alkali and final sulfonation at high temperature in the presence of sodium bisulfite. The samples were characterized by means of infrared spectrum （FTIR）, and relevant Krafft points were measured. The temperature tolerance of AGS as foaming agents and the effects of salt and oil-related materials on the foam properties were experimentally evaluated. The results show that these AGS surfactants have good temperature tolerance at 250℃, and produced foams exhibit favorable properties either in aqueous solution with concentration of NaCl at 5% or Ca2＋ at 5 g/L, or in aqueous solution with diesel fuel or crude oil at 15%.