三种重金属在克氏原螯虾体内的富集特征

Enrichment characteristics of Cd,Pb and Cr in Procambarus clarkia tissues.

2005年5月在合肥市、肥东县、肥西县的池塘河沟采集雌雄组克氏原螯虾共30只,分离出几丁质外骨骼、肝脏和腹部肌肉组织样品84份,用原子吸收法测定其中Cd、Pb、Cr的残留量。结果表明:克氏原螯虾体内Cr、Cd和Pb的平均检出率分别为100%,91.7%和94.1%;平均含量分别为4.03、0.38和7.14μg·g-1。Cr的富集量在3种组织之间的差异不显著,Cd和Pb在3种组织中差异极其显著。外骨骼中Cr、Cd、Pb的平均含量分别为4.03、0.12和12.31μg·g-1,合肥市、肥西、肥东三地之间除Cr的富集量差异极显著外,其他2种重金属的富集量差异都不显著;肝脏中Cr、Cd、Pb的平均含量分别为3.88、1.04和9.12μg·g-1,3个地区重金属的富集量的差异都极其显著;肌肉中Cr、Cd、Pb的平均含量分别为4.16、0.09和0.72μg·g-1,3个地区除重金属Cr的富集量差异极显著外,Cd和Pb的差异都不显著。3种重金属污染物的富集量与体质量没有明显的相关性。3种重金属在雌雄个体之间的富集差异不显著。

Thirty individuals of red swamp crayfish （Procambarus clarkia） were collected from the ponds and rivers in Hefei City, Feixi County, and Feidong County of Anhui Province in May 2005, and the residual amounts of Cd, Pb and Cr in a total of 84 ectoskeleton, liver, and muscle samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that the average detection rates of Cr, Cd and Pb in the samples were 100%, 91.7% and 94. 1%, and the average concentrations of these heavy metals were 4. 03, 0. 38 and 7. 14 μg·g^-1, respectively. Among the three test tissues, no significant difference was observed in Cr enrichment, but the enrichment of Cd and Pb was significantly different. The average concentrations of Cr, Cd and Pb in ectoskeleton, liver, and muscle were 4. 03, 0. 12 and 12. 31μg·g^-1, 3.88, 1.04 and 9. 12 μg·g^-1, and 4. 16, 0. 09 and 0.72 μg·g^-1, respectively. Among the three test sites, there existed significant differences in the enrichment of Cr in ectoskeleton and muscle, and of Cr, Cd and Pb in liver. The enrichment of test heavy metals had no notable correlation with the body mass of P. clarkia, and no significant difference was found in the enrichment of the heavy metals between female and male individuals.