银川湖泊湿地生态系统服务价值评估

Valuation of lake wetland ecosystem services of Yinchuan City

银川市是西北干旱半干旱区典型的绿洲区域,湖泊湿地是银川市最具特色和影响的生态资源。采用市场价格法、影子价格法、替代费用法、费用支出法、碳税法、成果参照法、影子工程法等,对银川市湖泊湿地生态系统服务价值进行了评估,结果显示,每年其提供的总价值为130288万元。其中,以物质生产价值最大为54765万元,其余依次是调节气候价值、生物多样性价值、休闲娱乐价值、教学科研价值、涵养水源和蓄洪防旱价值、栖息地价值、水源供给价值、净化水质和美化环境价值,其价值量分别为25851、20000、9661、7460、5360、5000、1889、302万元。因此,在银川市经济发展和城市扩张的过程中,必须从整个生态系统的角度出发,科学合理地保护和利用湿地资源。

Yinehuan City is a typical oasis area in arid and semi-arid region of Northwest China, and its lake wetland is a kind of most characteristic and significant ecological resources. By the methods of market price, shadow price, substitute expense, expenditure, carbon tax, outcome reference, and shadow engineering, etc. , the lake wetland ecosystem services of the city were evaluated. The results showed that this ecosystem provided a total of 130 288 × 10^4 yuan services per year, among which, the service of material production was the largest （54 765 × 10^4 yuan）, followed by that of climatic regulation （25 851 × 10^4 yuan）, biological diversity （20 000 × 10^4 yuan）, recreation （9 661 ~ 104 yuan）, teaching and scientific research （7 460× 10^4 yuan）, water conservation and flood- and drought control （5 360 × 10^4 yuan）, habitat （5 000 × 10^4 yuan）, water supply （ 1 889 × 10^4 yuan）, and water purification and environmental landscaping （302× 10^4 yuan）. Therefore, in the economic development and urban expansion of Yinehuan City, a scientific utilization and protection of its wetland resources should be taken, based on the consideration of whole ecosystem.