中国马铃薯部分品种资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析

Genetic diversity analysis of Chinese mainly cultivated potato varieties by RAPD makers

采用RAPD方法分析120份中国马铃薯品种资源,获得了22条引物的扩增谱带,22条引物扩增出274条带,多态性条带为215条,多态性比率为78.5%。不同引物扩增的条带数在6～21之间,每条引物平均扩增出12.5条带,扩增条带数最多的是S126,多态性比率最高引物为S66。120份材料之间的遗传距离为0.04～0.81,平均值为0.38。聚类分析将120份材料分为五类。除Ns78-11-1以外,所有的新型栽培种资源与普通栽培种划分在不同的类中,有亲缘关系的材料大多聚在一类,品种的分类没有明显的地域特征,各育种单位育成的品种相互交织聚在一起。

With RAPD technique and 22 primers, 120 genotypes were analyzed. Total 274 bands were produced with 22 primers, among which the polymorphic bands were 215, and the polymorphic rate was 78.5%. The bands amplified with per primer was 6 to 21, and the average value was 12.5. The primer that produced the most bands was S126, and the highest polymorphism rate was presented in primer S66. The genetic distance was 0.04 to 0.81, and the average value was 0.38. Total 120 genotypes were classified into 5 groups. Except Ns78- 1 1-1, all Neo-tuberosum and common cultivated varieties were classified into different groups. Genotypes with close relation were clustered together. The classification presented no obvious geographic relationship and varieties with the common parents released by different breeders were often clustered together.