丰花月季体细胞无性系变异的研究

Study on somaclonal variation of Floribunda rosas

以丰花月季腋芽为外植体进行芽分化诱导,将获得无菌苗用NaN3进行化学诱变以获得变异植株,用ISSR分子标记进行检测。结果表明,腋芽是诱导芽分化的很好的外植体,诱导率可达80%,分化率可达90.6%,诱导分化的苗强壮;半致死剂量200 mg.L-1 NaN3处理2 h可作丰花月季丛生芽的诱变处理;从遗传相似系数和聚类图总的结果表明,15个亲本材料间相似系数很大(0.97),说明本次参试材料的遗传差异性小,亲缘关系近。另外,在相应的材料之间,仍存在一定的差异,其相似性最高的为0.99,最低的为0.87,这表明运用ISSR技术可以灵敏地分析亲本材料的遗传背景,在体细胞无性系变异研究中具应用价值。

Axillary buds as explants were used to conduct bud differentiation induction. Sterile young plants were treated with NaN3 to produce mutated plants, which were analyzed by ISSR markers. This study showed that axillary buds were better explant for bud differentiation induction. Its induction rate could be up to 80% and differentiation rate could be up to 90.6%. Buds from differentiation were strong. Total 200 mg·L^-1 of half-death dosage of NaN3 with 2 h of treating time was confimed to be fit for chemical mutation, Genetic similarity coefficients and tree diagram showed that similarity coefficients between the 15 materials were great, up to 0.97, which showed the genetic polymorphism between the species was small and genetic relationship was close. However, there was also some differences between them. The highest similarity coefficient was 0.99, and the lowest was 0.87. ISSR markers were confirmed to be good for the analysis of genetic background, which showed a great value in the study of somaclonal variation.