钠和氯对生长蛋鸭生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

Effect of sodium and chlorine on performance and serum biochemical indexes in growing ducks

试验采用单因素随机区组设计的方法,选择28日龄蛋鸭150只,平均体重为(0.50±0.01)kg,随机均分成6个处理组,在玉米-豆粕型日粮中添加氯化钠分别为0.0%、0.16%、0.24%、0.32%、0.48%、0.96%组成6种试验日粮。每个处理5个重复,每个重复5只鸭,3层笼养。旨在通过钠和氯对生长蛋鸭生产性能和血液生化指标的影响来确定生长蛋鸭对钠和氯的需要量。结果表明,玉米-豆粕型日粮中不添加氯化钠会对蛋鸭的终重、日增重和饲料转变化率产生极显著影响(P<0.01),而氯化钠添加量过高,尤其是氯化钠添加量为0.96%时,生长蛋鸭的生产性能下降,其终重、日采食量和日增重与中间4个处理组有显著差异(P<0.05)。当饲粮中氯化钠含量为0.24%～0.32%时,蛋鸭的各项生产性能指标最佳,最有利于鸭的生长。各处理间T3、T4、皮质醇和总抗氧化能力均有先升高后降低的趋势,处理Ⅰ(添加0%氯化钠)T4、皮质醇和总抗氧化能力水平极显著低于其他处理(P<0.01)。各处理间血清总蛋白、白蛋白和肌酐无显著性差异(P>0.05),处理Ⅰ组的血清尿素氮和尿酸含量极显著高于其他处理组(P<0.01)。结论表明,在本试验笼养条件下,采用玉米豆粕型日粮(含钠0.037%、氯0.047%、钾0.71%),添加氯化钠0.24%,使其日粮钠和氯的含量分别为0.131%和0.193%,可满足5～11周龄生长鸭的需要。

Total 150 28-day-old ducks, with an average weight of （0.05±0.01） kg, were randomly divided into 6 treatments with 5 replicates of 5 ducks, adopting 3 layers raising technology. The contents of sodium chloride from Ⅰ to Ⅵ treatments were 0%, 0.16%, 0.24%, 0.32%, 0.48%, 0.96%, respectively. The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary sodium and chloride content on performance and serum biochemical indexes in growing ducks. The results showed that there was significant effect on FW, ADG and FCR in treatment Ⅰ which contain 0 % sodium chloride （P〈0.01）. The performance of duck would be low if the content of sodium chloride was too high, especially treatment Ⅵ whose FW, ADFI and ADG were significantly lower than those of any other treatments （P〈0.05）. It suggested that duck would make the better performance when the content of sodium chloride in diet were 0.24% to 0.32%. T3, T4, Corti and T-AOC were all increased at first then decreased in every treatment. T4, Corti and T-AOC of treatment Ⅰ （0% NaCl） were significantly lower than those of the other treatments（P〈0.01 ）. TP, ALB and creatinine in serum were no significant difference among treatments（P〉0.05）. The contents of SUN and UA of treatment Ⅰ （0% NaCl） were significantly higher than those of other treatments. It was concluded that in the condition of this exeperiment, adding 0.24% sodium chloride to combean diet which included Na 0.037%, Cl 0.047%, K 0.71% to make the diet contain 0.131% sodium and 0.193% chloride could meet the need of 5 to 7 weeks growing duck.