次生常绿阔叶林抚育改造技术的研究

Research on the Tending and Improvement of Secondary Evergreen Broadleaved Forests

１９８４年在江西省德兴市和信丰县进行次生常绿阔叶林抚育改造试验，１０ａ研究结果表明：（１）更新初期次生林组成抚育树种选择应以林分中速生丰产树种米槠、丝栗栲、木荷等为主。米槠等速生树种材积定期生长量在林分中所占比例比其株数所占比例多１０％以上；（２）幼龄林疏伐强度的生长效应以中—强度疏伐对林分生长有促进作用，林分主要速生树种数量和材积比例可分别提高１５％和５％左右。伐后保留１５００株／ｈｍ２，疏伐间隔期８～１０ａ；（３）中龄林密度管理后，槠栲类、木荷和次要树种所占比例分别为３７％、３３．９％和２９．１％。４ａ后３类树种在林分产量结构中所占比例分别为５３．７％、２９．４％和１６．９％，槠栲类直径和单株材积定期生长量均显著或极显著高于其它２类树种，表明密度管理能较有效地提高槠栲类树种的生产力，林分保留密度以６００～８００株／ｈｍ２为宜。

The studies were carried on the Damao Mountain forest of Dexing City and Jinpen Mountain forest of Xinfeng County,Jiangxi,in 1985～1994. The results of 10 years of research on difference of secondary evergreen broadleaved forests show that:(1) The fast growing and highyield tree species such as Castanopsis carlesii,C.fargesii,C. eyrei,Schima suprca were selected for tending during the early stage of regeneration,and they made up a percentage of periodic increment in volume of above 10% more than that of therir species composition. The comparatively better density was 3 000 trees/ha;(2)Thinning of medium and high intensity presented significant effects in promoting the diameter and volume growth of the trees in young growth. The tree number and volume composition of the major fast growing species increased by 15% and 5% respectively. Thinning was conducted at an interval of 8～10 years and the density,after felling,was kept at 1 500 trees/ha;(3)Among middle age stands,after tending,the number compositions of C. castanopsis,C. fargesii,C. suprca and other less important species counted for 37%,33.9%,and 29.1% respectively,and 4 years later their volume percentages were 53.7%, 29.4% and 16.9% respectively,showing that density control can more effectively improve the productivity of C.carlesii,C. fargesii, etc. It is suitable to maintain a density of 600～800 trees/ha.