三元化成复合肥对莴笋产量品质的影响研究

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF THREE NUTRIENT COMPOUND FERTILIZER ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF LETTUCE

用盆栽试验法研究了三元化成复合肥磷酸二氢钾铵对莴笋产量品质的影响。结果表明，适量供应复合肥时，莴笋植株吸收养分总量随供肥量的加大而增加。其中，Ｎ，Ｋ养分的增加尤为突出，最高增量达５６．５２％和４５．７９％，Ｐ的增加量较小，仅为１．９０％。供肥量过大，反而抑制养分的吸收。植株养分主要分布在茎叶中，其ＮＰＫ分别占总吸收量的９２．５７％～９５．８６％，８９．０３％～９３．６４％和９０．４７％～９５．５４％，并呈植株生长量越大，根系养分比率越低的现象。等量养分复合肥比单质ＮＰＫ肥的供肥能力、养分有效性及营养效应均具有优势。

In a pot experiment, the effects of potassium ammonium di hydrogen phosphate on the yield and quality of lettuce were studied. In a reasonable range of fertilization rate, the total amount of nutrient uptake by the plants increased with the compound fertilizer applied. The N and K uptake increased most conspicuously, by as much as 56.52% and 54.79%, respectively. P uptake increased by only 1.90%. Excessive fertilizer application retarded the obsorption of the nutrients, however. The nutrients taken up by the plants were mainly distributed in the stem and the leaves, accounting for 92.57%～95.8%, 89.03%～93.64% and 90.47%～95.54% of total N, P and K, respectively. The greater plant growth was, the lower the percentage of nutrients contained in the root would be. Advantage was shown for the compound fertilizer in their nutrient supplying capacity, nutrient availability and fertilizer efficieny as compared to the equivalent of single nutrient N, P and K fertilizers.