鼻咽癌病人放射性口腔炎护理干预效果分析

Analysis on effect of nursing intervention for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients complicated with radioactive stomatitis

目的探讨减轻鼻咽癌放疗病人放射性口腔炎的护理措施。方法选择鼻咽癌放疗病人80例,对照组50例,为门诊病人,实验组30例,为住院病人。对照组采用常规护理方法,对其进行一般的健康教育;实验组在此基础上采用全程护理干预、家庭参与等护理措施。在放射剂量达3000cGy、5000cGy、7000cGy,分别对两组病人口腔黏膜损伤程度进行评估。放疗结束后10d、15d、20d进行回访。结果放射剂量达3000cGy时,两组病人放射性口腔炎发生率及程度无统计学差异,当放射剂量达5000cGy、7000cGy时实验组发生放射性口腔炎的程度明显轻于对照组;实验组口腔炎愈合时间较对照组明显缩短。结论对鼻咽癌放疗病人进行全方位的护理干预,能减轻放射性口腔炎的发生程度,缩短放射性口腔炎的愈合时间。

Objective. To probe into the nursing measures for abating radioactive stomatitis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy. Methods. A total of 80 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy were selected and divided into test group （30 inpatients） and control group （50 inpatients）. The common nursing education was carried out by adopting routine nursing methods for control group cases. Besides, nursing measures such as whole range of nursing intervention and family participation was adopted for test group cases. The degrees of injury of oral mucosa of both group cases were evaluated as the radiation dose reached to 3 000 cGy, 5 000 cGy and 7 000 cGy. All patients were return visited about the degree of injury of oral mucosa on the 10th, 15th and 20th day after radiotherapy. Results： As radiation close reached to 3 000 cGy, there was no statistical significant difference in terms of the number of cases and injury degrees of radioactive stomatitis between the two groups. When the radiation doses were 5 000 cGy and 7 000 cGy, the degrees of radioactive stomatitis in test group cases were much less than that of control group cases. Conclusion. To carry out omnibearing nursing intervention for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing radiotherapy could abate the degree of radioactive stomatitis and shorten the healing time of them.