耐盐吸水抗旱剂及其在甘蔗上的应用研究

A study on the application of salt-tolerant, water-absorbing and drought-resistant agent on sugarcane

采用化学反应方法合成的耐盐吸水抗旱剂，在无离子水中的吸水率为２４０５．９ｇ／ｇ，在１％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的吸水率为１３４．８ｇ／ｇ。随着ＮａＣｌ浓度的提高，吸水剂的吸水率急剧下降。在含水量２０％的土壤中，吸水剂的吸水率比在渍水土壤中低６３．８４％。水温从２０℃升至３０℃，吸水剂的吸水率提高２２．３６％。每公顷施用１５ｋｇ和３０ｋｇ耐盐吸水抗旱剂，土壤含水量分别比对照提高３．０８％和２．９６％，甘蔗分蘖率提高０．８７％和６．０６％，甘蔗茎径增加２．３２％和６．０７％，增加甘蔗有效茎数１２．３７％和６．１９％，甘蔗增产１４．０６％和１９．７３％，甘蔗含糖分提高０．０３％和０．３６％（绝对值），增加种蔗的经济效益２７７８．９元／ｈｍ２和３６４６．５元／ｈｍ２。

The water absorption rates of salt-tolerant, water-absorbing and drought-resistant agent obtained through synthesis by chemical reaction were 2405.9 g/g in the water without irons and 124.8 g/g in the 1% NaCl solution, respectively. As the increase in NaCl concentration, its water absorption rate decreased sharply. The water absorption rate was 63.84% lower in the soil with 20% water content than in the soil soaked by water. When the water temperature raised from 20℃ to 30℃, the water absorption rate increased by 22.36%. Salt-tolerant, water-absorbring and drought-resistant agent was applied with the dosage of 15kg and 30kg per hectare, the water content of soil was increased by 3.08% and 2.96%, respectively, compared with the control; the tillering ability of sugarcane was increased by 0.87% and 6.06%; the cane diameters were also extended by 2.32% and 6.07%; the productive cane numbers increased by 12.37% and 6.19%; the sugarcane yields grew by 14.06% and 19.73%; the sugar content was increased by 0.03% and 0.36% (absolute values); and, sugarcane economic effect was increased by 2778.9 yuan/hm 2 and 3646.5 yuan/hm 2, respectively.