东方杉组培苗工厂化生产的关键技术研究

Study on key techniques of commercial production of tissue-cultured plantlets of Taxodium mucronatum×Cryptomeria fortunei

基于东方杉组培苗工厂化生产过程,对丛芽继代、增殖材料的选择及培养过程中几个重要的技术环节,以及组培苗生根培养方法进行了研究。结果表明:组培苗的长势受丛芽继代次数的影响,连续继代3～5次后需及时更新增殖材料;应选择生长旺盛的单株苗作为母本进行扩繁;在东方杉茎芽诱导培养过程中,培养架架层光合有效光量子束密度应控制在30～50μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1),丛芽继代过程应保持在60μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1)以上、单株壮苗培养阶段控制在60～80μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);改善培养容器的透气性有利于组培苗的生长;在东方杉组织培养中,活性炭是必须的添加物,同时添加2 g·L^(-1)的L-谷氨酰胺能有效促进组培苗的生长;无根组培苗进行室外扦插生根,粗沙是理想的扦插生根介质,生根率可达88.3%。

Such key techniques as bud subculture, explant selection and root-inducing culture were studied during the whole procedure of commercial production of tissue-cultured plantlets of Taxodium mucronatum × Cryptomeria fortunei. The experimental results showed that the growth vigor of tissue-cultured plantlets was influenced by subculture times, and explants should be replaced after continuous subculture for 3 - 5 times; A single plantlet with good growth vigor should be selected as a mother plant to be propagated; The light intensity in culture shelf should be controlled within 30-50 μmol · m^-2 · s^-1 for bud-inducing culture, above 60 μmol · m^-2 · s^-1 for shoot subculture, and within 60-80 μmol · m^-2 · s^-1 for a single sound plantlet culture; Improving the air permeability of culture containers could help the plantlets to grow;Adding some active carbon and 2 g · L^-1 L-glutamine to the medium for tissue culture could promote the plantlet growth;Coarse sand was an ideal cutting medium for rootless plantlets from tissue culture to be planted in outdoors, and the rooting percentage could reach 88.3%.