光周期对菊花花芽分化及其叶片和芽内源多胺含量的影响

Effects of Photoperiod on Floral Buds Differentiation and Polyamine Contents in Buds and Leaves of Chrysanthemum

以切花菊品种神马为材料,研究不同光周期(16h昼/8h夜;12h昼/12h夜;8h昼/16h夜)对菊花花芽分化过程中叶片和芽内腐胺(Put)、亚精胺(Spd)和精胺(Spm)含量的影响.结果显示:(1)16h/8h处理植株始终没有花芽分化,8h/16h处理的花芽分化开始和完成分别在处理后第13.9天和第23.1天出现,比12h/12h处理的分别提前1.7d和2.8d.(2)16h/8h处理叶片和芽中Put、Spd和Spm含量始终都没有明显变化,而8h/16h和12h/12h处理的叶片和芽中Put、Spd、Spm含量都比16h/8h处理的明显增加,而且8h/16h和12h/12h处理的叶片Put和Spd含量在处理第10天和第20天时出现2个高峰,芽中Put和Spd含量在处理第15天时出现一个高峰;另外,8h/16h处理的叶片和芽中Put、Spd含量比12h/12h处理的有所增加,但差异不显著.结果表明,菊花神马是质型短日照植物,短日照可诱导神马叶片和芽内合成多胺,而且日照时数越短,越有利于叶片和芽内Put、Spd、Spm的积累和促进花芽分化.

Effects of different photoperiods （16 h/8 h ; 12 h/12 h ; 8 h/16 h） on floral buds differentiation and contents of endogenous putrescine （Put） ,spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） in the leaves and buds of Dendrantherna grandiflora ‘Shenma＇ during floral buds differentiation were studied. The results showed that floral bud was not found in 16 h/8 h treated plants throughout the experiment. The beginning and ending of floral bud differentiation of 8 h/16 h treatments were found 13.9 d and 23. 1 d after treatments, which advanced by 1.7 d and 2.8 d than those of 12 h/12 h treatments. The contents of Put,Spd and Spm did not change in the leaves and buds of 16 h/8 h treatments,while they increased significantly in the leaves and buds of 8 h/16 h and 12 h/13 h treatments,and two peaks apeared in the leaves after 10 d and 20 d treatments,while one peak apeared in the buds after 15 d treatments for 8 h/16 h and 12 h/12 h treated plants,respectively. The contents of Put, Spd and Spm are higher in 8 h/16 h treatments than that in 12 h/ 12 h treatments. The results suggested that the effects of different photoperiods on the contents of Put,Spd and Spm was different,and higher contents of Put,Spd and Spm might enhance floral bud differentiation of chrysanthemum.