流浪救助与慢性精神病患者临床对照研究

A comparative study of clinical features in vagrants and chronic patients with mental disorders

目的:比较流浪救助与一般慢性住院精神病患者的临床特征的差异。方法:对102例流浪救助精神病患者和70例慢性精神病患者用自制的调查表进行临床对照分析。结果:流浪救助精神病患者年龄较低,以来自外省及本省农村者居多,文化程度以小学以下为主,已婚率较高,而离婚率较低。病程短,住院时间短,入院时精神异常主要表现为行为异常及认知功能低下,诊断以待分类的精神障碍,精神分裂症,精神发育迟滞与少年期精神障碍为主。治疗上主要以单用新型非经典抗精神病药物为主。而疗效以好转和无效者居多。伴发躯体疾病主要以皮肤软组织损伤、感染、传染性疾病、骨折较多,而在脂肪肝、胆结石、胆囊炎、心血管疾病等慢性病方面则较少。结论:流浪救助精神病患者与慢性精神病患者的临床特征有显著差异,他们是一特殊的精神障碍群体,需要采取综合处理措施。

Objective：To compare the difference of clinical features between vagrants and chronic patients with mental disorders. Methods：The clinical features were compared between 102 vagrants with mental disorders and 70 chronic patients with mental disorders with a self - made investigation form. Results ： Vagrants with mental disorders had younger ages, came from the counties of this or others＇provinces, had lower cultural grades, higher rate of married, but lower rate of devoice; They mostly had shorter morbid process, shorter time of being in hospital, more performances of abnormal behaviors and lower intelligences at the time when they were put into the hospital. They were mainly diagnosed unspecified mental disorders, schizophrenia, mental retardation and mental disorders with onset usually occurring in adolescence. They were mostly treated with newly non -classic anti -psychotic drugs, and had poorer curative effects; Their physical diseases mainly were skin parenchyma scathe, infection, malnutrition and fracture, while fell less chronic physical diseases such as fatty liver, gallstone, cholecystitis, heart and blood vessel diseases and so on. Conclusions： There is significant difference in clinical features between vagrants and chronic mental disorders, vagrants with mental disorders are a special group which should be dealt with comprehensive methods.