语境中的“正义”——论柏拉图正义观的基本特征

The "Justice" in Linguistic Context——On the general features of Plato's view on justice

柏拉图的正义观主要有三个基本特征。一是城邦本位,即柏拉图的"正义"始终是围绕是否有利于城邦的存在和实现城邦的"善"而展开的;二是贵族立场,柏拉图认为只有少数哲学家统治城邦,才能实现城邦的善;三是唯心主义。柏拉图正义观的三个基本特征决定了他的正义在现实生活中必然失败的命运。

There are three general features in Plato＇s view on justice. The first is the standard of city-state. Plato always held that justice should be beneficial to the existence of city-state; therefore it is always for the ＂good＂ of city-state. The second is the aristocratic position. He believed that only when the reign of city-state is in the hand of a small group of philosophers, the ＂good＂ can be realized. And the third is idealism. However, the three general features that composed of Plato＇s justice would without doubt meet their failure in reality.