基于RS与GIS的莱州湾南岸滨海湿地景观类型与破碎化分析

Landscape Types and Fragmentation of Coastal Wetlands with Support of GIS and RS along South Coast of Laizhou Bay

应用Landsat—7遥感数据和GIS技术对莱州湾南岸滨海湿地类型、面积和分布现状进行了调查,并对滨海湿地景观特征及景观破碎化程度进行了分析。结果表明,研究区景观类型以盐田、滩涂和养殖池为主,人工湿地面积占整个湿地面积的78.22%。该区主要受人为干扰活动影响,区域景观斑块破碎化程度较高,对研究区湿地产生了严重的影响,因此合理调控人类干扰活动是改善莱州湾南岸滨海湿地环境的根本途径。

An investigation of the coastal wetlands along south coast of the Laizhou Bay by GIS and RS showed that there were many types of wetlands,such as natural wetland and artificial wetland. In addition to the types of the coastal wetlands,the areas and the distribution of each type were shown and analyzed.Based on that,the authors analyzed the features and the fragmentation of landscape pattern of the coastal wetlands, which turned out that human iutefference was the main cause for the changes in the study area. The landscape patterns were mainly saltfarms. The artificial wetland had the largest area, accounting for 78.22% of the total.The landscape fragmentation was serious,which resulted in negative influence. According to those analyses, rational regulation of the human interference was the fundamental way of improving the coastal wetland environment.