将夏繁引入小麦春化研究的遗传研究

Genetic test of introducting summer multiplication into the vernalization research

本试验通过对春化相关性状——抽穗性状的考察记录与统计分析,进而对小麦的春化特性进行了遗传分析,验证了该方法用于春化研究的可行性。本试验选用了两组有不同春化要求小麦,Ch260,Ch377,Ch378和CN19,分别杂交获得其杂交组合的F1,F2代群体,在未经低温处理条件下,于第二年一起在马尔康进行夏繁。在抽穗期对亲本及F1,F2群体的抽穗情况进行调查,发现CN19能正常抽穗为春性小麦,而Ch260,Ch377,Ch378和F1则都不能抽穗为冬性小麦;各组合的F2群体都明显表现为抽穗和不抽穗两种性状,经卡方检验符合一对基因控制的分离比例1∶3,通过对抽穗性状的分析推导,得出供试小麦的春化特性是受一对显性等位基因控制的。

To accelerate the research of vernalization, a.new method, summer multiplication, was introduced into the vernalization research, the feasibility of which was validated by genetic analysis of wheat vernalization trait, with the statistics analysis of heading trait. The heading trait of various genotypes CN19, Ch260, Ch377 and Ch378, and three F1 and F2 populations, derived from cross combinations Ch260/CN19, Ch377/CN19 and Ch378/CN19 was investigated in the summer multiplication at Maerkang, where the seeds without the low temperature process were planted. The results showed.that CN19 could be heading and it is spring wheat without the requirement of low temperature,while Ch260 ,Ch377 and Ch378 could not be heading and they were winter wheat with the requirement of low temperature. According to the analysis of the heading trait in various F1 and F2 populations,we concluded that the vernalization of Ch260,Ch377 and Ch378 with low temperature requirement was controlled by one pair of dominant genes. In this paper,the possible role of summer multiplication introduced into vernalization research was discussed systematically.