大姚核桃的主要营养成分分析

Study on main nutrient component of Dayao walnut in Yunnan province

对比分析了大姚核桃与小油笼核桃和早熟核桃的主要营养成分，结果如下：①大姚核桃达到了国家坚果品质优级标准；②大姚核桃的氨基酸、矿物质、维生素c、脂肪酸、蛋白质、粗脂肪、总糖的含量均高于小油笼核桃和早熟核桃，是优质的核桃品种；③大姚核桃与小油笼核桃的谷氨酸（u=4．040＊＊）、氨基酸总量（u=4．428＊＊）、油酸（u=4．391＊＊）、亚油酸（u=2．353＊＊）、粗脂肪（u=3．515＊＊）、蛋白质（u=6．741＊＊）之间的差异达极显著水平，天门冬氨酸（u=1．834＊）、精氨酸（u=1．697＊）、硬脂酸（u=1．857＊）、总糖（u=1．816＊）含量之间差异达显著水平；与早熟核桃的15种氨基酸（u=1.648＊-13．679＊＊）、6种脂肪酸（u=2．364＊＊-10．846＊＊）、钾（u=2．334＊＊）、镁（u=2．500＊＊）、磷（u=1.971＊）、维生素C（u=2．246＊）、粗脂肪（U=3．396＊＊）、蛋白质（u=14．707＊＊）、总糖（H=1．716＊）含量之间差异达到显著水平以上，是中国优良的植物蛋白源和优质油料作物；④3种核桃的保健功能为大姚核桃〉小油笼核桃〉早熟核桃。对大姚核桃品质形成和利用特性进行了探讨。

The main nutrient components among the walnut of Dayao,Xiaoyoulong and Zaoshou were analyzed in this paper. The results were as follows ： （i） The nut quality of Dayao walnut had excellent grade compared with standard of China. （ ii ） The Dayao walnut had excellent quality which it had higher contents than both of another walnut with main nutrient components as like contents of amino acids,mineral compositions,vitamin C,fatty acids,proteins,gress fat and total sugars and etc. （iii） It has been found out by u-test that there was extremely significant difference between the walnut of Dayao and Xiaoyoulong about the contents of GLU （ u = 4.040 ＊ ＊ ）, total amino acids （ u = 4. 428＊＊）, oleic acid （ u = 4.391 ＊ ＊ ） ,linoleic acid （ u = 2.353＊＊ ）, gross fat （ u = 3.515 ＊ ＊ ） and proteins （ u = 6.741 ＊＊ ）. Similarly, there were significant difference in both about the ASP （ u = 1. 834＊ ）, ARG （ u = 1. 697 ＊ ）, stearic acid （ u = 1. 857 ＊ ） and total sugars （ u = 1. 816 ＊ ）. There were significant or extremely significant difference about the contents of 15 amino acids（u = 1. 648 ＊ - 13. 679 ＊ ＊ ） ,6 fatty acids （ u = 2. 364 ＊＊ - 10.846＊ ＊ ） ,potassium （ u = 2.334＊ ＊ ） , magnesium（ u = 2.500 ＊ ＊ ） ,phosphorus（ u = 1. 971＊ ）, vitamin C （ u = 2. 246＊ ）, gressfat （ u = 3. 396＊ ＊ ） ,proteins（ u = 14.707＊ ＊ ） and total sugars （ u = 1. 716 ＊ ） between the walnut of Dayao and Zaoshou , respeetively. That was to say,the walnut of Dayao was a origin of quality protein and high value oily crop. （v） Among these 3 walnuts, the healthy function to humen are walnut of Dayao 〉 Xiaoyoulong 〉 Zaoshou ,responctively. And the characters of walnut qualities and its utilizations were also discussed.