中国马铃薯生产情况分析

Situation analysis of potatoes production in China

通过对1982年至2005年24年中国马铃薯生产相关数据的统计整理,分析了中国马铃薯4个生态区域各省份真实的马铃薯播种面积和总产量变化情况,揭示大部分省份马铃薯生产都处于发展状态,其中内蒙、甘肃、贵州、云南、黑龙江、湖南、广西是马铃薯生产发展最快的7个省(区)。在汇总分析2001年至2005年中国各省区马铃薯生产情况的基础上,计算出2001年至2005年中国马铃薯年平均播种面积为494.25×104hm2,年总产量7601.8万t,平均产量15.4 t/hm2;按播种面积排出中国10大马铃薯生产省(区)为内蒙、贵州、甘肃、云南、黑龙江、四川、山西、重庆、陕西、湖北,按总产量排出中国10大马铃薯生产省区为:甘肃、内蒙、云南、贵州、四川、黑龙江、山东、重庆、湖北、山西;山东等8省区的平均单产显著高于全国平均水平,其中山东平均单产为33.0 t/hm2,是中国最高产的省份;山西等3省(区)的平均单产显著低于全国平均水平,其中山西平均单产为9.7 t/hm2,是中国产量水平最低的省份;其它14个省市(区)的马铃薯单产水平与全国平均水平差异不大,在15.0±3.0 t/hm2范围内。

According to the Chinese potatoes production statistics from 1982 to 2005 ,the change of area and production was analyzed in four main potatoes ecological zones, on provincial level. It was displayed that in most provinces potatoes production were continuous developing, es- pecially in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Guizhou, Yunnan, Heilongjiang, Hunan and Guangxi. On the basis of the study of provincial potatoes production statistics respectively from 2001 to 2005, suggested the potatoes productions annual were 4,942,478 hectares ,76,017,860 t and 15. 4 t each hectare in China. The top ten provinces on planting area were Inner Mongolia, Guizhou, Gansu, Yunnan, Heilongjiang, Sichuan, Shanxi, Chongqing, Shaanxi and Hubei. and the top ten provinces on tuber production were Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Chongqing, Hubei and Shanxi. There were 8 provinces with remarkable higher productivity,included the highest average yield,33.0 t per hectare in Shandong, and 3 provinces with remarkable lower productivity,included the lowest average yield,9, 7 t per hectare in Shanxi. The average yields in other 14 provinces were about 15.0 ±3.0 t per hectare.