论破产之跨国银行分支机构的法律地位

On the Legal Status of Branches of Multinational Bank Insolvency

就跨国银行进入破产程序后,其分支机构法律地位问题,理论上有两种相对立的原则:一是单一实体原则,二是独立实体原则。在缺乏统一的法典化的国际解决方法的情况下,世界各国的实践做法有两种:一是把银行的分支机构与银行本身隔离开来,把分支机构作为一个独立法律主体另行启动破产清算程序,即所谓的绝缘防范政策;二是基于礼让或互惠,尊重跨国银行与其分支机构组织属性上的单一性和完整性,有条件地承认他国司法判决或给予合作。最后,该文就国务院制定金融机构破产实施办法提出了两点相关建议:就跨国银行破产中分支机构法律地位问题不宜空白;跨国银行分支机构的法律地位宜采取有条件的单一实体原则。

As to the problem of the legal status of the branches of multinational bank insolvency, there are two types of attitude in the world in theory： one is single entity principle, the other is separate entity principle. In the absence of any codifed supranational solutions, two aproaches are sorted to resolve the problem： one is ring-fencing, the other recognition of foreign judicial decisions and international supervisory cooperation on the base of comity. This essay makes two legislative suggestions of issue concened for our legislators： the legal status of the branches of multinational bank insolvency shoud be specified and conditioned single entity principle should he adopted .