信息科学元理论及其应用研究

Information Science Metatheories and Its Application

本文运用信息科学元理论与方法,探讨了信息传递模型理论、认知建构主义、社会建构主义和社会建构论对信息的本质与属性、信息与知识的表示、信息系统与用户在信息传递中的角色等信息科学研究的核心问题的不同认识,指出这四类元理论思想分别代表了信息中心取向、个体认知取向、社会认知取向和知识形成理论取向等理论,反映了信息科学研究范式由"以系统为中心"向"以用户为中心"的转变,并简要总结了这些元理论方法在信息科学领域的应用。

This paper explores their different understandings about some major issues cared by information scientists such as the nature and characteristics of information, the representation of information and knowledge, and the role of information system and user in information transfer, viewing information transfer model theory, cognitive constructivism, social eonstruetivism and social constructionism as information science metatheory approaches, points out that these four metatheory perspectives represent respectively informatlon-centered orientation, individual cognition orientation, social cognition orientation and knowledge formation orientation and reflect that the research paradigms has changed from ＂system-centered＂ to ＂user centered＂, and then summarizes their main applications in some information science domains.