均相催化废餐饮油制备生物柴油工艺研究

Study on preparation process of biodiesel from wast cooking oil by homogeneous catalysis method

考察了用浓H2SO4及NaOH催化废餐饮油和甲醇反应制备生物柴油的反应条件。结果表明,用NaOH作催化剂的2步酯交换法制备生物柴油时,预处理过程的最佳条件为:醇油质量比为0.4,催化剂H2SO4用量占原料油的质量分数为2.0%,反应时间为0.5 h,反应温度为65℃。主反应的最佳条件为:醇油质量比为0.25,催化剂用量为0.8%,反应温度为65℃,反应时间为1 h。在上述工艺条件下,产品生物柴油的收率可达95%,其各项性能实测值均达到欧洲生物柴油的标准要求。

The biodiesel was prepared with waste cooking oil and methanol as raw material, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide as catalyst respectively, and the reaction conditions were optimized. The results showed that for the preparation of biodiesel by a two-step transesterification with sodium hydroxide as catalyst, the optimum conditions of pretreatment process were obtained as follows：the mass ratio of alcohol to oil 0.40, the mass fraction of sulfuric acid to oil 2.0% , the reaction time 0.5 h, the reaction temperature 65℃;the optimum conditions of transesterification were obtained as follows：the mass ratio of alcohol to oil 0.25, the mass fraction of sodium hydrooxide to oil 0.8% , the reaction temperature 65℃, the reaction time 1 h. Under above conditions,the yield of biodiesel products reached 95% , and its performances could meet requirement of European similar products standard.