光子晶体的理论与实验研究

Study on Photonic Crystals in Theory and Experiment

光子晶体是一种介电常数呈周期性分布的介质材料,周期为光波长量级。在光子晶体材料中存在着特殊的频带,在这些频带中光波被禁止传播。研究光子晶体的理论有等效折射率模型、平面波法、传输矩阵法、有限时域差分法及多极法等。制备光子晶体的技术有层层叠加技术、打孔法、微机械技术、胶体晶体法、反蛋白石法、立体平板刻蚀技术等。

Photonic crystals are materials with periodicity of dielectric structures, which can create a range of forbidden frequencies called photonic band--gap. Photons with energies lying in the band--gap cannot propagate through the medium. We study photonic crystals by effective--index model , the finite-- difference time-- domain（FDTD） method , plane wave method ,transfer matrix method and the multi polar method in theory. Now, we can prepared photonic crystals in experiment by layer-- by-- layer deposition , fabrication method, micro mechanical technology, reverse opal method and other methods.