小儿急性下呼吸道感染46例病原学及药敏试验结果分析

Aetiology and Medicine sensitivity of lower respiratory tract infection in 46 children

目的:了解小儿急性下呼吸道感染病原学构成及药物敏感情况,以指导临床用药。方法:对46例急性下呼吸道感染痰培养阳性者进行药敏试验。结果:培养阳性菌中革兰阴性杆菌37株,革兰阳性球菌9株;阳性率前三位致病菌分别为肺炎克雷伯杆菌(14株)、大肠埃希菌(8株)、D群非肠球菌(5株);肺炎克雷伯杆菌对亚胺培南、阿米卡星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、复方新诺明敏感,大肠埃希菌对阿米卡星、环丙沙星、亚胺培南敏感。结论:小儿急性下呼吸道感染病原体构成以革兰阴性杆菌为主,治疗前的痰培养值得临床重视。

Objective：To have an understanding of aetiology and sensitivity to medicine in acute lower respiratory tract infection（LRTI） so as to guide clinical medication. Methods.The susceptibility test was carried out in the 46 cases of positive sputum culture in our department between 2006 and 2007. Results-Gram negative bacilus strains were 33 and Gram positive coccus strains were 9;Klebsiclla pneumoniae（K, pneumoniae） was the most common （14 strains）, followed by Escherichia coil （E. coli） （8 strains）, D-- branch non -- Enterococcus （D. non--Enterococcus） （5 strains）. The susceptibility test showed that K. pneumoniae was susceptible to imipenem, amikacin, piperaxillin salium/tazobactam slium and co-- trimoxazole, and E. coli was susceptible to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. Conclusion ：Gram negative bacilus strains are main pathogens of LRTI in children. It is necessary to have the susceptibility test before antibiotic therapy.